Bookmaker margin calculator. If you prefer to calculate the betting margin manually, you can use the following formula: Oct 16, 2023 · A fair market, in the context of betting, refers to a scenario where the bookmaker’s margin is 0%. The odds offered by a bookmaker aren’t a reflection of the true probability, the bookmaker will inflate the probability, which decreases the odds you receive. The odds by one bookie will be 1. Apr 13, 2024 · How Bookmakers Use Probability to Set the Odds. This gives them a margin to pretty much guarantee a profit regardless of the outcome of an event. . 444) – 1 = 0. Oct 21, 2023 · How is the bookmaker margin calculated? To calculate the margin, one must first determine the implied probability for each outcome using the odds provided. We will use the above coin toss scenario for this example. 2%; Now to calculate the average commission you pay on each bet, given the margin. 3%. The bookmaker’s odds line is initially lowered 3-5%. The bet profit margin therefore is 2. Therefore, we need 52 correct forecasts at 3% margin. As a punter, understanding how a bookmaker’s margin works, can help identify which bets offer better value and increase your chances of winning. £43 bookmaker profit. 20 (16/5). May 14, 2023 · How to use the margin calculator. See full list on apwin. They instead price the markets such that they go higher than 100%. Option 1. Compare margins with other bookmakers and bet smarter. the bookmaker ’s expected profit margins ar e equal across bets on each outcome of a game Bookmaker Margin / Vigorish Calculator Calculates the bookmaker margin (overround) and vigorish (vig) for a set of entered odds. The default value of 0. The relative value between bookmakers is the focus of this survey, not the actual values. That means that the bookmaker is shifting the probability to 52. 19) x 100] + [ (1/5. In the example above, that becomes: (1/2. The average margin of the odds at the most popular bookmaker, bet365, is about 6%. Total Market Percentage. The calculator will then convert the odds into probabilities and calculate the bookmaker’s margin. (1 / odds of Federer) * 100 + (1 / odds of Nadal) * 100 = margin of the bookmaker. The effective bookmaker margin for these odds is just 2. g. For example, a head to head soccer bet has three selections: home win, draw and away win. Bookmaker's margin requirements. One of the key elements of these calculations determined by the bookmakers’ digital algorithms is the overround. 63 for the home win, 4. This type of bet involves selecting a team to win as well as selecting the correct margin. Bookmakers employ teams of analysts who use statistical models to predict the outcome of sports events. Policy of the given bookmaker lies in the large amount of users. The margin in bookmakers depends on the popularity of the sport: for football, a commission of 3-4% is considered a low margin, for tennis – 5-6%. Odds. Input the higher odds of the bookmaker you have found in the column at the right. The first is a straight bet on the selection you think is the best value. 926Roger Federer 2. 00 for a 50% chance of winning. 571 = 63. The calculator will then convert these odds to probabilities (33. In our previous example, it was relatively easy to calculate a zero (0) margin. Understanding what the bookmaker’s margin consists of and how to calculate the margin allows you to adequately assess the bookmaker’s odds. Margin calculator A bookmaker’s margin is essentially what they charge you for placing a bet. The second strategy attempts to return the same profit regardless of the event The deviation of the odds offered from the ‘true price’ is the bookmaker's margin. 51%. 25 for the away win. For example, imagine a hypothetical match between Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal. 3% chance of Team A winning and 33. 0. What are Bookmaker Margins? Basically, a bookmaker margin ensures the bookmaker gives themselves the best chance of making a profit by pricing up the betting market to above 100%. However, if you insist on taking a risk with ACCA Betting, your payout is 73,31%, and the bookmaker’s margin is 26,69%. In this case, for a home win, Odds 1. Players lose - the bookmaker gets everything, the players win - the bookmaker pays, but removes the commission. Draw No Bet and Double Chance Calculator Uses three-outcome (win-draw-loss) head-to-head odds to engineer equivalent Draw No Bet and Double Chance markets. If the odds were offered at 1. Let's say you discover our Cheltenham Festival Betting Guide, intending to bet on For online bookmakers in the digital age, most of this work is done by algorithms and using a hefty amount of computer power across a vast array of markets and on millions of selections per year. Bookmakers Pinnacle Sports and Sbobet offer margin of 2% on popular sports markets that, compared with average margin of 5% in the whole industry, is a great value. Start by selecting the odds format, number of selections is already set to 7 (as its name says), choose if you want to activate or not the Each Way or Rule 4 options. Thus, we can easily calculate the margin as follows: Outcome. If we combine the two markets by taking the highest available odds we get: Djokovic: 1. Input the stake and odds for the original wager, followed by the current odds for the hedge bet. Out of 100 guesses, the bettor would need to make 20 correct guesses to break-even. In the picture below, the result is the same as the result of our case study. Our initial bookmaker market assessed the true odds of each horse at $5. Two-Way Market Betting Margin Calculation. It is a helpful tool useful for gamers who desire to know the profit they can get from bets. 00 for a $5. This profit is how bookmakers finance their services but bookmakers vary in the Aug 16, 2016 · To calculate the margin for a two-way market, like tennis, use the below equation: (1/Decimal Odds Option A)*100 + (1/Decimal Odds Option B)*100. 6 days ago · The bookmaker margin, also known as the overround, the cut or the take, is the hidden amount charged by a bookmaker for accepting a wager. 20 odds, and your bookmaker’s margin is 10% (0,10 as a decimal number). So they turn a profit with the help of players and their bets but not the margin. 50 for the draw and 5. 4 and 3 for Man Utd, Draw and Arsenal respectively. 1 day ago · If you’re interested in hedging while Dutching, be sure to check out our Hedged Dutch Betting Calculator. Once all these selections were done, input the odds and bet If you place a Single Bet on Aston Villa to win, your payout is 93,36%, which means that the bookmaker margin is 6,64%. It will help the punter to find the best odds that will give the best return or profit. 75 – 1 = 1. 50. com The margin calculator allows you to input your odds and see the implied probability and fair odds, as well as how much the bookmaker is charging you. The combined margin for this market is 1/1. Bettors can use this sports betting tool to identify and exploit discrepancies in odds available at Mar 17, 2024 · When margin is 3%, the number of required guesses increased by 3% from 50, i. For example, decimal line odds are usually around 1. Titans: 2. Pinnacle are popular for their low bookmaker margin. Knowing what a bookmaker’s margin is will allow you to assess the profitability of your game. Bookmaker Commission Calculator: A Handy Tool The amount by which the actual 'book' exceeds 100% is known as the 'overround',: 96–104 : 126–130 'bookmaker margin' or the 'vigorish' or 'vig' and represents the bookmaker's expected profit. We calculate the margin: (1 / 1. This is the percentage of the cost that you get as profit on top of the cost. 50 for the visitors. If you want to earn money off of sports betting, you need to educate yourself on the margin requirements of the bookmaker. Sep 2, 2021 · Margin calculation is a relatively simple mathematical equation. Calculator calculates the margin from bookies odds and then calculates fair odds (odds without the influence of margin). Therefore, to outplay a bookmaker one has to build their bet predictions based on maths as well and only count on luck in rare cases. 58 for the home team to win and 2. The odds can be shown as fractions, decimals or American which need to be calculated or converted to be able to calculate the return or profit of a bet. Let’s try to calculate the margin for a random football match, where Home team victory odds are 1. 80. by 1. You should get 1. If we break these bets down to calculate the overround, with the help of our odds converter calculator, we see the following: Overround Example #1: Draw no Bet Team A: 5/4 = 2. May 22, 2024 · The final field is the bookmaker margin. 26% higher than 100%, which is the usual sum of probabilities if only one of the outcomes can happen. 00, the bettor must make correct guesses of the outcome 20% of the time. 3 + 64. 212) + (1/4. And this percentage can vary from 0% to 15% and even higher, depending on the sport, the popularity of the event and the outcome. The bookmaker margin is a measure of the bookmaker’s profit margin for an event and is a hidden transaction cost for punters. In the betting world, this value is called a margin, the higher the margin, the lower the player’s payout after making the bet. Generally the more memberships you hold, the lower the margin, however some bookmaker combinations yield lower effective margins than others. Learn how to use Pinnacle's margin calculator to find the best odds and value for your bets. Profit percentage is similar to markup percentage when you calculate gross margin . Feb 24, 2023 · The overround formula is based on the assumption that the market is efficient in the sense that. For example, if the bookmaker is offering odds of 3/1 on team A to win a match and 2/1 for team B to win, you would enter those numbers into the tool. Users are able through it to enter 3-way or 2-way markets. Nov 7, 2018 · If, however, you were placing a bet on a coin toss with someone seeking to make a profit – i. 00. Apr 9, 2019 · However, in the real world, you will see odds of 1. (1/decimal odds) *100 + (1/decimal odds) *100 = Betting margin. Decimal to Fractional: Decimal = fractional + 1 (expressed as a decimal number, e. When a bookmaker sets odds, they try to reflect the true probability of each outcome. 41 for Djokovic to win. Margin Calculator - Maximize your winning profits while betting. 91 - a margin of 4. 00 giving you 0. After that they can see the bookmaker margin or the percentage of profit that the bookmaker makes from the bets. Also a bettor (a professional player who bets on sports) has the ability to obtain true (fair) odds and calculate stakes (amounts) for the betting arbitrage 6 days ago · You can use the overround calculator above in order to help you with your calculation. Using this calculator you can enter the prices of the events in a given market and produce the overround percentage of the market, showing you whether your pick and the market in total is offering a value opportunity. 34%. Usually, even the best bookmakers with the lowest margins are not even close to zero margins. To ensure their profitability, bookmakers build a margin into their odds. 41)] x 100 = 102. 49%. 1% by shopping around for odds. You can usually associate this with a Win / Loss or Win / Draw / Loss market. 8%. 6% Sum of implied probabilities = 108% Dec 17, 2021 · You can use the true odds calculator to estimate this EV very fast: Enter the odds of a sharp bookie, in this case Pinnacle, in the left column. A winning $10 bet at 1/2 fractional odds would return $15. Our sports betting margin calculator will conveniently give The Bookmaker Hold Calculator above lets punters quickly input the odds for any market listed by the sportsbook, which will return the implied probabilities used by the bookmaker and also the bookmaker hold or profit margin in percentage. The implied probability calculator helps bettors compare the implied probability of a betting market against the actual “fair” probability of that market. 0, meaning you would have to bet more to win £100. Once all these are selected, input the odds as per the Oct 22, 2020 · Tails x 50 times: £1,000 in 100 bets taken, £900 paid out. The calculator also supports opposing back and lay bets with two different exchanges. Best of all, for their most part, these calculators give football lovers the chance to figure out the bookmaker’s margin on both two-way and three-way markets. 4% Team B: 4/7 = 1. By combining multiple bookmaker memberships we can lower the effective margin. 55% chance bet – you have to play with @1. The calculator… The example of how to calculate the margin for the 1X2 type of bet: (1 / decimal odds for A option) + (1 / decimal odds for B option) + (1 / decimal odds for C option) - 1. Using the margin calculator is very easy, follow the below instructions to determine bookmaker’s expected profit margin. In a fair market, where all probabilities add up to 100%, the bookmaker’s margin creates a slight imbalance, ensuring they make money over the long term. This is used to adjust the reciprocals of the odds to obtain the fair probabilities of winning. Read about the mathematics of soccer betting Margin & Hold Calculator Margin betting is a type of betting whereby the bookmaker breaks up the number of possible outcomes by creating a points margin. Our preferred way is the following: So let’s take our example of the football game further to calculate the margin: Commission = (1 – (1 / Market Margin)) * 100% The bookmakers margin calculator will allow you to independently verify the margins on a given site in order to assess the overall average level of odds, or to verify a single match we are interested in, which we plan to bet on. The calculator will return the probabilities in percentage Jul 21, 2021 · For example, in the match “Manchester City” – “Real Madrid” the bookmaker gives odds of 1. Option 2. 95 and Tails is also 1. The Bet calculator can estimate the total return and profit margin based on single bets, multiple bets The calculation for this is fairly simple by taking the odds and dividing by 1 you get 1/2. Sharp bettors will be aware of what a margin is and how to work it out but for those that don’t, it is essentially what a bookmaker charges you for placing a bet. This tool helps bettors to estimate how much they could win if their bet wins. The tool calculates the bookmaker margin (overround) and vigorish (vig) for a set of entered odds. The margin calculator will then calculate the bookmaker margin and display it as a percentage. The bookmaker has now framed his market to 120%, which is also known as 20% overround, and ensures he can return a 20% profit on all bets regardless of who wins, assuming everything goes to plan. 6%. Thus, in an "ideal" situation, if the bookmaker accepts £120 in bets at his own quoted odds in the correct proportion, he will pay out only £100 May 23, 2024 · Fractional odds express the net return (in fractional form) from a winning 1 unit bet. You can calculate the odds’ margin as follows: Rafael Nadal1. 00 profit (50% return). The odds on Heads are set at 1. With a large number of bookmakers claiming to offer the best odds and an equally large number of websites comparing betting odds, are you really getting the best deal? In this simple guide we explain how odds work to help you make educated decisions when looking for the best betting odds. Arbitrage opportunities are highlighted if they exist. However, they also factor in their own profit An arbitrage betting opportunity exists if the effective bookmaker margin equals less than one. That’s because you’ll want to use the following formula: (1/decimal odds) x 100 + (1 decimal odds) x 100 = bookmaker’s margin. 62%. Apr 26, 2019 · This is unless they calculate the bookmakers margins. 4 days ago · This calculator supports events with up to ten possible selections. 120%. 05. £200 total bookmaker profit. To apply it, we need to determine the expected score of the match (xGscore), that's where our service is specialized in. Football results from 100 games based on model probability, payouts based on bookmaker odds including margin: Home win x 33 times: £1,000 in 100 bets taken, £957 paid out. This Dutch betting calculator determines how much to wager on each selection to return the same profit if one of them wins. Profit Percentage = Net Profit / Cost. Pinnacle has the lowest margin – 2% precisely. The best way to learn how to use this calculator is to simply press Calculate using the sample entered inputs. Jan 22, 2024 · Why be able to calculate the bookmaker’s margin. To conclude, following the assumption that Pinnacle’s closing price is the best measure of the true odds, to calculate it simply The moneyline odds are 1. 63% for both players. No need for manual calculations or spreadsheets. Are you curious about how bookmakers calculate odds? One way is to use the Poisson distribution. e. Manual Calculation. Simply input 0 for the commission on bookmaker wagers. Betting (bookmaker, bettor) odds calculator The current web page allows you to calculate margin (vigorish) and overround for bookmakers odds, to evaluate the proposed betting markets. In the Predictions section, you will find all the matches of the upcoming week. Margin varies from bookie to bookie: from 2% to 20%. Jul 21, 2021 · By understanding the bookmakers’ profit margin and comparing the assessed probability with the implied probability in the odds, bettors can make informed decisions and increase their chances of profitability. Some bookies can go as high as 7% and hence it"s Jul 9, 2023 · Make use of our Each Way Bet Calculator to simulate potential winnings for EW bets placed with Internet sports betting sites or racing betting shops. A margin calculator is a tool that estimates the difference between bookmakers’ odds and the fair odds based on probability. 2%. Jun 13, 2016 · Margin = [(1/a) + (1/b)] x 100%. e a bookmaker - that Market Percentage would be greater than 100%, and the amount by which the Market Percentage rises above 100% is the size of the Margin the bookmaker holds over the bettor (this is also known as edge, commission, juice or vigorish). If the value is positive, that is the profit aimed by bookmaker to make out of the total turnover on that Sep 26, 2019 · As we can see the odds are 2. At Pinnacle, the margins average about 2-3% and we recommend betting on most of your bets to be there, due to the low margin and the fact that they do not limit if you are a winning player. 5. You must follow a mathematical formula to calculate the precise amount of money you deserve without cumulating Experienced punters have certainly heard of the margin calculator. 96% profit on every wager made. Select the odds you are comparing. 90 or 1. How to calculate the VIG on fractional & American odds. The No Vig Calculator gives punters the opportunity to calculate the fair odds an event would have should the bookmaker not operate a hold/profit margin. Aug 30, 2023 · Use our Lucky 7 Bingo Bet Calculator to simulate your potential winnings for lucky 7 bingo bets placed at online bookmakers. Arsenal scores the opening goal in the 70th minute, but in the 85th minute, you start doubting. 04 + 1/18. 9 = 105. A higher total indicates a higher margin. Bookmakers employ various methods to calculate odds and set the line for sports betting. Hedging opportunities to guarantee a profit occur in two scenarios: 1. This will clarify the difference between unbiased and biased hedging. Therefore, understanding margins or bookmaker’s commission, bettors can identify the most favorable odds and increase their chances of winning. 14. £100 bookmaker profit. 00% 0. 25 = 44. Market Margin = 104. 3 days ago · Instructions. Factors Influencing Odds 6 days ago · The calculator can be used for exchange lay bets in conjunction with standard bookmaker (back) wagers. 04. Assuming a 2% betting margin, Pinnacle expects to make 2/102 = 1. 48) x 100 + (1/1. Also, use the online calculator to calculate the margin. Oct 16, 2023 · The Bookmaker’s Margin. 2. Meaning bookmaker’s margin is 5. 26% is the margin of the The starting odds are 2. 50 + 1 / 5. You"ll then do the same for other bookies and compare the profit margins. Once the implied probabilities for all outcomes are totaled, subtracting 100% gives the bookmaker’s margin. The lower the market percentage the more favourable the market is for punters; and conversely, the less profit there is for bookmakers. 9%, and the survey average of 5. bookmaker fair payout. To calculate bookmakers margins with decimal odds, all you need to do is divide 1 by the odds for each outcome in the market, and sum together. At the end, fair odds are converted into probabilities. The excess is known as the overround, vig Mar 22, 2023 · Bookmakers earn a profit by offering odds on different outcomes of an event and ensuring that the total amount of money wagered on all outcomes is greater than the amount they will have to pay out to the winners. To calculate the margin for a two-way market, like tennis or cricket, use the same calculation, but exclude the draw market odds. Sep 15, 2021 · If the bookmaker margin of one bookmaker is higher than another’s, then the same can be said for that bookmaker’s vigorish. This is substantially lower than the best performing bookmaker at 4. Although it can be used for other betting For gamblers looking to maximize the effectiveness of their betting strategy, the margin calculator is a necessity. Our preferred way is the following: So let’s take our example of the football game further to calculate the margin: Commission = (1 – (1 / Market Margin)) * 100% A margin calculator is an important tool for sports bettors, as it can help them calculate the expected margins of any given bet. 05 equates to line odds of 1. In this example, then, M = (1/1. Use below No Vig Calculator by selecting the odds format and filling in with the odds provided by the bookmaker on a specific market. 50 represented as 50% or a 1 in 2 chance of winning. A margin calculator, on the other hand, is a tool that helps bettors determine the potential returns on a given bet. The higher the status of an individual competition, the less margin the bookmaker invests in the main Poisson distribution calculator for betting. For sports we achieved an average margin of 3. Mar 27, 2024 · Profit Margin Formula: Net Profit Margin = Net Profit / Revenue. Using the VIG Calculator, you can conclude that the bookmaker’s commission is 3,29%, lower than a 3-way market’s margin. This simple calculation gives you an insight into what the bookies see the chances of a particular outcome coming to fruition. The bookmaker does not wish to provide customers with the accurate likelihood of a certain occurrence. As an example, let's compare 22Bet and Unibet's betting margins for a random match of tennis. Where, Net Profit = Revenue - Cost. There are a number of ways to calculate the commission on specific odds. To learn more about bookmaker margins and vigorish, check out our bookmaker margin / vigorish calculator. These probabilities are then adjusted to ensure profitability, factoring in a margin that guarantees the bookmaker earns money regardless of the event’s outcome. 9048. 90 offered by a bookmaker. Simply enter the odds for the bet you want to place, and this tool will provide accurate information about the bookmaker’s margin. Therefore, in order to make sure that you are not only getting the best available odds, which translates to the maximum payouts, but also that the bookmaker that you chose is also trustworthy and honest, you can use this calculator to find out exactly what the margin that they have included in their prices is. To conclude, following the assumption that Pinnacle’s closing price is the best measure of the true odds, to calculate it simply Sep 21, 2021 · A Bookmaker Margin / Vigorish Calculator has been added to the Online Calculators area of the Tools section. 75 (11/4) and Away team victory - 4. To use the calculator, input the decimal odds for your selections along with your desired total stake. 5, but is rounded up to 2. odds bookmaker fair payout. Oct 16, 2023 · A fair market, in the context of betting, refers to a scenario where the bookmaker’s margin is 0%. 26%. Oct 3, 2023 · Knights: 1. It will also tell you the fair payout, which is the amount you would receive if there were no margin. 80 (4/5), draw - 3. Dec 7, 2015 · 50% chance bet – you have to play with @2. All major odds formats such as decimal, fractional and American are supported. 1. A bookie’s odds margin can be figured out using this mathematical formula: ( (1/Odds 1) *100+ (1/Odds 2)*100)-100. 25 – 1) x 100 = 2. The margin comes about because every head-to-head bet has a technical likelihood of Sep 2, 2021 · Margin calculation is a relatively simple mathematical equation. Bookmaker Commission Calculator: A Handy Tool To use the margin calculator, you need to enter the odds offered by the bookmaker for each possible outcome of the event. Revenue = Selling Price. Don't place another bet without knowing how much it really costs you. 90 and 1. This percentage factors in the bookmaker They are low-margin and high-margin (other names are fundamental, recreational or classic). 82. Make your sports betting experience easier with our overround calculator, find the overround percentage of any given market! Dec 17, 2014 · Essentially, the higher the bookmaker's margin is, the bigger impact it will have on your sports betting profitability. 54) x 100 = 40. 91, which equate to fair odds of 2. In the example given above, at odds of 5. Step 2: Click Convert odds and see the results. 7% - on average bettors would lose 5p for every pound spent over time. You can also compare the margins of different bookmakers to find the best value for your bets. Combined Margins Therefore, in order to make sure that you are not only getting the best available odds, which translates to the maximum payouts, but also that the bookmaker that you chose is also trustworthy and honest, you can use this calculator to find out exactly what the margin that they have included in their prices is. How Bookmakers Calculate Odds and Set the Line. With regular distance play, the margin is the percentage that the bookmakers take on each winning bet. This is a lot larger than before and means that punters have to be 20% better than the bookmakers in Then, you will be required to enter the value of the odds you are offered, and the calculator will estimate the true odds, the payout you might potentially enjoy, as well as the margin. The winning margin bet is calculated as such: [ (1/1. The sum of probabilities is 105. The bookie's percentages are calculated by dividing each horse’s decimal odds into 100, and then adding them all together to calculate the total percentage. Brooskby: 18. 00 or 4/1 because they all had the same equal Jul 15, 2023 · The survey results highlight the benefit of having multiple memberships, which enables you to shop around for the best odds. A full comparison of margin bookmakers can be found here. 19 for Murray to win and 5. 00% $0. Selected Odds Format: Implied probability. Implied Probability is a percentage that is derived by converting the given betting odds that represent the likelihood of that outcome occurring. How to Calculate Odds Margins. 25 and 5. 75. At the same time, Arsenal pays at 1. Select whether you want calculate a 2-way or 3-way Market Type. The margin, also known as the overround or vigorish, represents the bookmaker’s profit. To calculate the margin (M) for any market, simply sum the reciprocals of the bookmaker’s odds and finally subtract 1. Odds change dynamically, so it is all the more important to estimate the margins correctly. 3% chance of Team B winning) and calculate the bookmakers margin which in this case is 11%. 63 + 1 / 4. For a bookmaker’s book, the sum will always be more than 100%. For the coin toss, bookmakers would offer heads or tails at odds below 2. 51. This implies that the odds are set in a way that the bookmaker has no inherent advantage over the bettor, and the probability of winning is equal to the probability of losing. For more extensive information, go to How do I calculate betting margins? For a fair book, this sum will always be 100%, since it is a reflection of the sum of the probabilities of all possible outcomes. 50) Fractional to Decimal: Fractional = decimal – 1 (expressed as a fraction If we calculate the bookmakers' margin for the odds listed above, we obtain a result of 120. Betting Performance Jun 30, 2017 · Margin Calculator. Sharp bettors will be aware of what a margin is and how to work it out but for those that don’t, our Margin Calculator will… 6 days ago · For this market bookmaker margin for bet365 is 3. Three strategies are calculated. This sum minus 1 is the bookmaker’s margin. 020. Once all these selections were done, input the odds and bet Nov 4, 2015 · The section Bookmaker Margin explains that this represents the expected profitability of a bookmaker; such that the expected profitability is the betting margin divided by (1 + the betting margin). 3, 3. Select the odds format, bet type, number of selections, activate to apply Each Way, choose weather to also activate the use of Rule 4. It also allows them to compare different bookmakers’ odds to find the most profitable bets. 95. 85% while the margin for PlayUp is 4. zv zz ri mf uh yx uk qx np xo